1. Case study: BGP RR cluster split and hidden divergence
Let’s stitch everything together about “Intent” vs. “State” and when things diverge (actual drifting) with a concrete story.
We’ll take a failure mode that’s common in large networks, rarely obvious, and deeply annoying to debug:
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A BGP route reflector (RR) cluster silently splits into two “islands of truth.”
Half of it sees the world one way, half sees it another. Nobody notices, until customers do.

